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Different selection procedures differ in effectiveness when applied for improvement of the same population. A study was conducted at Ilora and Ikenne out-stations of the Institute of Agricultural Research and Training, (IAR&T), Moor plantation, to assess the effectiveness of full-sib (FS) and S family in improving a quality protein maize 1 population (QPM), ART/98/SW6-OB. One hundred S and 96 FS were generated from the maize population and 1 evaluated in 2015 and 2016. The experimental design was alpha lattice design in three replications. Data were collected on agronomic and yield traits.Genetic variance and heritability were estimated from combined analysis of variance. Genetic gains were determined and correlation analysis was also carried out. Means were significantly higher in FS for plant height and grain yield with wide ranges. Significant mean square of entry was recorded in both family types for most of the traits studied. Correlation among traits followed similar trend in both families.Heritability and genetic gains were higher in FS for number of ears per plant and grain yield, while higher increase would be recorded with selection for plant height and days to anthesis in S. Full-sib family would be better 1 in improving ART/98/SW6-OB for yield and related traits.