PAPER TITLE :HAEMATOLOGICAL AND HISTOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS FINGERLINGS EXPOSED TO LETHAL CONCENTRATIONS OF AKEE APPLE, BLIGHIA SAPIDA BARK EXTRACT

FUTA JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN SCIENCE | VOLUME 10 NUMBER 1 2014

Paper Details

  • Author(s) : M.O. Olufayo* and N.P. Nwaga
  • Abstract:

An experiment was conducted to test the effect of Akee Apple, Blighia sapida bark extracts on some organs of
the African Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings (11.25+0.05g) using twelve (12) plastic aquaria. The
concentrations of Akee Apple extract used for the study were 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 mg/l and the control (0.0
mg/l) aquaria contained no extract. The exposure period lasted 96 hours. The values obtained for packed cell
volume (PCV), red blood cell (RBC), white blood corpuscle (WBC), mean cell volume(MCV), and
haemoglobin count (Hb) showed that there were significant reductions (p<0.05) in the haematological
parameters of O. niloticus fingerlings; PCV decreased from lowest concentration of 35.50 + 2.12 in fish exposed
to 1.0mg/l of the extract to the highest concentration of 23.50 + 2.12 in the fish exposed to 3.0 mg/l B. sapida
extract. Hb decreased from 5.70+0.10 in the lowest concentration(1.0 g/l) to 5.00 + 0.14 in the highest exposure
concentration (3.0 mg/l).Similarly, MCV decreased progressively from 197.22+0.88 to 117.50 + 9.04, while the
values obtained for mean cell haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) increased as concentrations of Akee Apple
extracts increased from 15.35+6.20 to 24.25+0.76 while the Mean Cell Haemaglobin (MCH) increased as the
concentrations of the extract increased ( from 26.75+0.49 in 1.0 mg/l to 30.28+ 0.61 in 3.0 mg/l).This study
also showed that Akee apple extracts caused alterations in histological parameters of the gills, livers and kidneys
leading to physiological dysfunctions, while normal features were observed in the fish in the control tanks (0.0
mg/l).The LC50 at 96 h was found to be 1.55 mg/l
Keywords: Toxicity , Akee Apple, Blighia sapida , Oreochromis niloticus ,Haematology, Histology.