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Poultry enterprise development in Nigeria is affected by high cost of feeds and feed ingredients, outbreak of diseases,
constrained smallholder access to inputs, climate change and marketing. This study examined the determinants of poultry
farmers’ willingness to participate in National Agricultural Insurance Scheme (NAIS) in Oyo State, Nigeria. Primary data
were collected from 136 respondents with the aid of structured questionnaire using multi-stage sampling techniques. Data
were analyzed with descriptive statistics and Probit regression model. Results showed that the mean age of the respondents
was 43.6 years while the majority of them (65.44%) were males and had tertiary education (58.8%). Mean years of
experience in poultry farming stood at 13.5, while the mean value of stock of birds held was ?1,984,660.61. The majorities
of the farmers (60.29%) belong to at least one association, had access to credit (60.29%) and were not aware of NAIS
(70.58%). Willingness to participate in the scheme increased significantly with experience in poultry enterprise (0.9828),
awareness status (1.0031), access to credit (0.0018), and value of stock held (5.48e-07), but decreased with membership of
association (0.1113). It was recommended that more awareness about the scheme should be created. Also, credit facilities
should be made available to farmers at affordable rate.